A verb is a word that describes an action, experience, state, existence, or change of a person or thing. There are several different types of verbs in Chinese.
According to the semantic features, Chinese verbs divide into:
- Action verbs 动作动词: indicate actions or behaviors, e.g. 看，跑，说，听，买，做，学习，旅游，锻炼，etc
- Existential verbs 存现动词: indicate the existence, change, or disappearance of something, e.g. 有，存在，具有，出现，发生，变化，消失，etc.
- Relational verbs 关系动词: 像，属于，成为，仿佛
- Judgement verbs 判断动词：是，为，乃
- Modal verbs 能愿动词/情态动词, also called auxiliary verbs 助动词：会, 能, 可以, 能够, 要, 肯, 必须, 应该
- Directional verbs 趋向动词：上，下，进，出，回，上来，下来，进来，出来，回来
- Psychological verbs 心理动词：爱，恨，想，喜欢，希望，思考，打算，害怕
According to whether an object must be used or not, Chinese verbs divide into:
- Transitive verbs 及物动词: verbs having objects
1. verbs having predicate objects of other verbs or adjectives, e.g. 开始，进行
2. verbs having objects of nouns, e.g. 吃，送，给，借，学习，
- Intransitive verbs 不及物动词: verbs can’t have any objects, e.g. 躺下，来，去，小便，出发，休息
A verb can be stative or dynamic:
Stative verbs 静态动词, e.g. 是，有，姓，etc.
Dynamic verbs 动态动词:
- Continuous verbs 持续动词, e.g. 看，做，打，听，etc.
- Instantaneous verbs 瞬间动词, e.g. 死, 塌, 灭, 醒, 垮, 炸, 倒
- Terminating verbs 终结动词, e.g. 变, 成, 成为, 变成, 化作, etc.
⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ A stative verb describes a state rather than an action or event, and is not used in progressive forms and past tense. So, stative verbs can’t be used with 正, 在, 着 or 了, while dynamic verbs can be used with 正, 在, 着 or 了.
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